Nation State: Journal of International Studies
type: channel
description: Nation State: Journal of International Studies is a peer-review journal under the management of the International Relations Department, Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta, in collaboration with Asosiasi Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Indonesia (AIHII). The journal publishes primarily original research articles, perspectives, and short-form essays published through a double-blind review procedure. Nation State: Journal of International Studies publish two issues per year (June & December). (Read More)
publisher: Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Department of International Relations, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta
language: en
publication name: Nation State: Journal of International Studies
issn: 2620-391X
items: Strengthening ASEAN’s Stabilizing Role via ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific
items: Vietnamese Government’s Policy Strategies to Address Human Trafficking (2017–2021)
items: Domestic Factors on China’s Green Belt and Road Initiatives
items: China’s Role in International Conflict Mediation and Its Implications for International Relations
items: Strategic Responses to Myanmar’s Political Crisis
items: Indigenous Identity in the Global Sustainable Project
items: An Analysis of Destructive Fishing as an Anthropogenic Disaster in Coastal Areas
items: Philippine-Middle East Relations
items: The Complexity of ASEAN Way and Norms in Addressing Islam-Rooted Conflicts in Southeast Asia
items: China's Belt and Road Initiative Implementation Maneuvers in the South Pacific Region
items: Transaction Cost Analysis of ASEAN Food Security Cooperation on Rice Commodity
items: Identity Politics and Political Parties in India
items: The Shifting Attitudes of Acehnese towards Rohingya Refugees
items: A Comparative Analysis of Western Nations’ Actions in Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Palestine Conflicts
items: Regulating European Union’s Border in Africa
items: Water Diplomacy and Non-Traditional Security
items: Harmony in Leadership
items: Indonesia’s Role in the Rise of East Asia amid China's Ascendancy
items: E-commerce Transformation in Indonesia
items: Environmental Issue and Digital Diplomacy in the Contemporary International Relations
items: Soft Law and the Protection of Climate Migrants
items: The Ineffectiveness of UNHCR in Handling the Myanmar Conflict
items: The Political Economy of Local Content Requirements Policy in Indonesia’s Telecommunication Manufacturing Industry 2015-2020
items: Indonesia's Climate Diplomacy under Joko Widodo
items: Foreign Policy, Public Diplomacy, and Social Media
items: Indonesian Maritime Diplomacy
items: The Interplay of Interest between Indonesia and Sweden in Blue Economy Cooperation
items: India’s Relations with Muslim Countries during the Implementation of CAA/NRC
items: Nationalism Narrative and The State Policy on Hizbut-Tahrir in Indonesia
items: Halal Certification of Indonesian Cosmetics Products

Strengthening ASEAN’s Stabilizing Role via ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific
type: item
description: The Indo-Pacific has become at the forefront of geostrategic rivalry between the United States and China, which has implications for region’s political, security and economic stability. As the only regional institution with multilateral capacity in the Indo-Pacific, ASEAN faces the challenge of maintaining its neutrality while strengthening its centrality. This context explains how, through the 2019 ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP), ASEAN seeks to reinforce its stabilizing role by adopting preventive, mitigative, and adaptive strategies in response to regional power shifts. Using a descriptive qualitative method and the statement of strategy concept contextualized with neorealism, this study analyses the AOIP is an ASEAN’s strategic response to regional power competition between the great powers. The finding shows that AOIP, as neutral framework, aims to foster cooperation in various sectors, including industry. ASEAN's neutrality is also tested in policymaking, particularly among Southeast Asia members, as it strives to manage tension between major powers while maintaining its coherence, relevance and influence in the evolving Indo Pacific order.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: AOIP
  topic: keywords
subject: ASEAN
  topic: keywords
subject: Indo-Pacific
  topic: keywords
subject: Rivalry
  topic: keywords
subject: Centrality
  topic: keywords
creator: Devy Indah Paramitha
creator: Muhammad Nur Alim Syabana
creator: Khoirul Amin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Devy Indah Paramitha; Muhammad Nur Alim Syabana; Khoirul Amin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-06-13
publication date: 2025-06-13
starting page: 61
ending page: 79
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i1.1767

Vietnamese Government’s Policy Strategies to Address Human Trafficking (2017–2021)
type: item
description: Vietnam, as one of the countries in the ASEAN region, has various complex factors that encourage the occurrence of human trafficking problems. This study aims to analyze the strategies of the Vietnamese government in overcoming human trafficking in the 2017-2021 period using qualitative methods. It applies the concept of the anti-trafficking strategy approach as outlined by Cornelius Friesendorf, which emphasizes four key approaches in addressing human trafficking. The study result shows the Vietnamese government's strategies in the 2017-2021 period to implement anti-trafficking strategies through policies to prevent and address the root causes, strengthen and enforce the law, protect victims, and establish partnerships. In these strategies, the government also focuses on victim protection by providing rescue, recovery, education, and economic capacity-building services to non-governmental organizations. There has been progress in policy formation and emphasis on the number of victims. On the other hand, there are challenges, such as a lack of coordination between the central and regional governments, limited resources, and inconsistent law enforcement officials, which serve as obstacles to effectively addressing human trafficking.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Human Trafficking
  topic: keywords
subject: Vietnam
  topic: keywords
subject: Policy
  topic: keywords
subject: Government
  topic: keywords
subject: Strategy
  topic: keywords
creator: Ribka Kristanti Soegiharto
creator: Ludiro Madu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ribka Kristanti Soegiharto, Ludiro Madu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-06-13
publication date: 2025-06-13
starting page: 20
ending page: 41
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i1.2047

Domestic Factors on China’s Green Belt and Road Initiatives
type: item
description: China’s implementation of the Green Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) reflects a shift in its foreign policy to support global energy transition and sustainable development. However, there is a notable gap between the initiative’s objectives and its outcomes in host countries. While the Green BRI aims to showcase China’s commitment to green investments, its energy investments in Indonesia remain heavily focused on fossil fuels, particularly coal. In contrast, China’s renewable energy investments are prominent in Thailand. This study examines the implementation of the Green BRI in Indonesia and Thailand, analyzing how the energy mixes and investment portfolios. This study involving literature review and analysis of secondary data sources analyzed through the lens of Global China. This study argues that the divergence in Green BRI implementation across Southeast Asia reflects not merely China’s flexibility, but the differentiated capacities of host countries to absorb, steer, or resist foreign investment agendas. Ultimately, Green BRI is highly adaptive, and its outcomes are co-produced through complex interactions between China’s intentions and the domestic landscapes of partner countries. This study contributes by highlighting the critical role of domestic political and economic contexts in shaping China’s green investments.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: China
  topic: keywords
subject: Energy Politics
  topic: keywords
subject: Cooperations
  topic: keywords
subject: Green Belt and Road
  topic: keywords
creator: Rizka Bunga Shafira
creator: Ardhitya Eduard Yeremia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rizka Bunga Shafira, Ardhitya Eduard Yeremia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-06-13
publication date: 2025-06-13
starting page: 80
ending page: 101
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i1.1834

China’s Role in International Conflict Mediation and Its Implications for International Relations
type: item
description: This study examines China’s evolving role as a mediator in international conflicts, particularly its involvement in the Saudi-Iranian dispute and the Russia-Ukraine war. It underscores China’s evolution from a historically reclusive nation to a significant global actor, accentuating its “peaceful rise” policy. In doing so, the study employs a conceptual framework to analyze the evolution of China’s foreign policy. It examines China’s strategic deployment of soft power through cultural diplomacy, economic influence, and mediation initiatives. The study’s findings indicate that China’s mediation has contested traditional Western hegemony in conflict resolution by presenting an alternative approach centered on sovereignty and non-interference. Challenges persist regarding perceptions of bias, particularly in conflict such as the Russia-Ukraine war, where neutrality is scrutinized. Ultimately, this study underscores China’s increasing role as a mediator, capable of shaping global diplomatic norms while navigating complex geopolitical contexts.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: China
  topic: keywords
subject: Mediation
  topic: keywords
subject: Saudi-Iran
  topic: keywords
subject: Russia-Ukraine
  topic: keywords
subject: Diplomacy
  topic: keywords
creator: Nur Rachmat Yuliantoro
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Rachmat Yuliantoro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-06-13
publication date: 2025-06-13
starting page: 1
ending page: 19
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i1.2051

Strategic Responses to Myanmar’s Political Crisis
type: item
description: On February 1, 2021, Myanmar's military staged a coup, abruptly halting the country's political transition and triggering widespread violence, humanitarian distress, and regional instability. This article examines how India and China, with distinct political systems, foreign policy and strategic interests have responded to the crisis and shaped regional engagement in post-coup Myanmar. Adopting a qualitative approach, this study utilizes official government statements, news reports, and scholarly publications. The findings indicate that China has maintained close ties with the junta to secure its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) investments, while also engaging with ethnic armed groups to ensure border stability and protect its economic assets. India, by contrast, follows a “dual-track” strategy—publicly supporting democratic norms but also maintaining relations with the military regime to safeguard its security and strategic interests. However, India's limited support for pro-democracy forces and restrictive refugee policies have weakened its regional credibility, while China’s pragmatic diplomacy allows it to preserve its influence and project strategic dominance in Myanmar. This comparative analysis highlights shifting China and India power dynamics in Southeast Asia and suggests that a more flexible and inclusive policy from both actors is crucial for contributing to Myanmar’s long-term stability and advancing their regional interests.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Myanmar
  topic: keywords
subject: Military Coup
  topic: keywords
subject: China
  topic: keywords
subject: India
  topic: keywords
subject: Political
  topic: keywords
subject: Crises
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Indrawan Jatmika
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Indrawan Jatmika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-06-13
publication date: 2025-06-13
starting page: 42
ending page: 60
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i1.2020

Indigenous Identity in the Global Sustainable Project
type: item
description: REDD+ is an international initiative focused on mitigating the adverse effects of climate change. Developing countries can secure funding from developed countries to preserve their forests. However, despite the ideal goals set, the project's achievements varied due to differences in responses among local communities in several areas. This research employs anthropological perspectives and ecological knowledge of worldviews to analyse the factors that contribute to these discrepancies. By analysing REDD+ in Cardamom and Hieu Commune, it was discovered that there are variations in how indigenous people perceive their relationship with the environment. In this case, the Cardamom community perceives the environment as a source that will provide all their essential needs. Meanwhile, in Hieu Commune, people follow traditional methods to manage the natural woodlands, embracing the concept of a sacred forest, where taboos, spiritual beliefs, or religious convictions protect nature. These distinctions subsequently lead to variations in locals’ responses to REDD+, which in turn can impact the success of project implementation.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: REDD
  topic: keywords
subject: Indigenous People
  topic: keywords
subject: Worldviews
  topic: keywords
subject: Ecological Knowledge
  topic: keywords
creator: Yusril Ihza Mahendra
creator: Eduardus Andhika Kurniawan
creator: Balya Arung Segara
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Yusril Ihza Mahendra, Eduardus Andhika Kurniawan, Balya Arung Segara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
starting page: 180
ending page: 199
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v7i2.1670

An Analysis of Destructive Fishing as an Anthropogenic Disaster in Coastal Areas
type: item
description: Destructive fishing has emerged as a critical threat to maritime ecosystems, posing severe risks to the economy, ecosystem sustainability, resource management, and national security, along with its complex cross-sectoral impacts in coastal areas. As a form of illegal fishing, its harmful consequences necessitate comprehensive scrutiny. This research aims to categorize destructive fishing as an anthropogenic disaster from a maritime security perspective, emphasizing its broad cross-sectoral effects. Employing a qualitative methodology alongside an extensive literature review, this study integrates disaster and maritime security theories, supported by relevant case studies, to thoroughly investigate the issue. The findings reveal that destructive fishing practices qualify as non-natural or anthropogenic disasters, with impacts directly stemming from human activities. These practices damage marine resource ecosystems, disrupt economies, compromise human security, and threaten national security in coastal regions. The study concludes that destructive fishing constitutes an anthropogenic disaster, demanding an urgent, coordinated response from multiple stakeholders. This research advocates for the development and implementation of policies that address the technical dimensions of maritime security, integrate disaster management strategies, and incorporate anthropological insights. Such policies are essential for devising and executing sustainable solutions to this pervasive issue on a global scale.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Destructive Fishing
  topic: keywords
subject: Anthropogenic
  topic: keywords
subject: Disaster
  topic: keywords
subject: Costal Areas
  topic: keywords
creator: Yunias Dao
creator: Yusnaldi Yusnaldi
creator: Kusuma Kusuma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Yunias Dao, Yusnaldi Yusnaldi, Kusuma Kusuma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-01-09
publication date: 2025-01-09
starting page: 144
ending page: 161
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v7i2.1633

Philippine-Middle East Relations
type: item
description: The countries in the Persian Gulf highly intertwined with the global economy. Given its strategic location and abundance of resources, the Persian Gulf countries (GCC) is expected to play a critical role in the future economic direction and stability of the Middle East and Asian region. Liberal reforms instituted by GCC such as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and other non-traditional partners wield significant influence. This development calls for a re-evaluation of policies by regional actors and domineering global powers with a stake in the region such as the United States (US). These GCC reforms open a new round of opportunities for countries in the Global South, particularly ASEAN member like Philippines. This paper seeks to evaluate the ongoing economic and geopolitical transformation in the Persian Gulf amid growing Chinese presence and GCC regimes’ economic reforms. Furthermore, this paper poses question, how the Philippines can use an independent foreign policy and take advantage of the changing political-economy landscape in the Middle East. This further suggest that the time is ripe for the Philippines to rethink its strategic policy toward the GCC and the Middle East to maximize gains outside of the US alliance system.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Philippines Interest
  topic: keywords
subject: GCC
  topic: keywords
subject: Strategic Policy
  topic: keywords
subject: China
  topic: keywords
subject: Arab Reforms
  topic: keywords
subject: ASEAN
  topic: keywords
creator: Henelito Sevilla
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Henelito Sevilla https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-12-23
publication date: 2024-12-23
starting page: 86
ending page: 106
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v7i2.1752

The Complexity of ASEAN Way and Norms in Addressing Islam-Rooted Conflicts in Southeast Asia
type: item
description: This research aims to investigate ethno-religious conflicts in the Southeast Asia region with a focus on the role of religion (Islam), nationalism, and citizenship issues, as well as to understand the complexity of resolving these conflicts within the framework of ASEAN Way norms. This research combines qualitative approaches and policy analysis to provide a comprehensive picture of the interactions between conflict factors and regional norms. The research methodology includes analysis of ASEAN policy documents and case studies of selected conflicts in the region. Qualitative analysis will be used to explore community perceptions and experiences regarding conflict, while policy analysis will examine how ASEAN Way is reflected in conflict resolution efforts. Preliminary results show that religious factors and nationalism often trigger conflict, while citizenship issues can complicate the dynamics of conflict. The ASEAN Way, which emphasizes the principles of non-intervention, deliberation, and consensus, has limited impact in responding to ethno-religious conflicts. This research will provide insight into how the ASEAN Way can be improved to be more effectively respond the ethno-religious conflict in the region. The implications of this research can also help design more effective conflict resolution mechanism and support sustainable peace in Southeast Asia.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Ethno-Religious
  topic: keywords
subject: ASEAN Way
  topic: keywords
subject: Islam
  topic: keywords
subject: Nationalism
  topic: keywords
subject: Citizenship
  topic: keywords
creator: Rizki Damayanti
creator: Zaenal Muttaqin
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Rizki Damayanti, Zaenal Muttaqin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-12-23
publication date: 2024-12-23
starting page: 107
ending page: 122
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v7i2.1584

China's Belt and Road Initiative Implementation Maneuvers in the South Pacific Region
type: item
description: The geopolitical ascendancy of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) within the South Pacific Region has been extensively scrutinized due to its potential to both align with global development agendas and provoke sovereignty concerns among recipient nations. It is hypothesized that the BRI could either exacerbate debt dependencies or foster economic emancipation depending on the governance responses of the recipient countries. Therefore, this study seeks to analyze the strategic deployments and the consequential geopolitical ramifications of the BRI, particularly focusing on South Pacific nations. A qualitative method, utilizing literature reviews and analyses of secondary data sources, was systematically employed to extract and synthesize relevant insights. Empirical evidence from multiple South Pacific case studies reveals that these nations have the capacity to harness the initiative for economic enhancement without necessarily succumbing to compromised sovereignty. These findings illuminate the dual potential of the BRI to either ensnare recipient nations in dependency cycles or empower them through strategic economic engagement, contingent upon the negotiation dynamics and governance acumen of the recipient countries.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Belt and Road Initiative
  topic: keywords
subject: South Pacific Region
  topic: keywords
subject: Geopolitical Ramifications
  topic: keywords
creator: Rezya Agnesica Helena Sihaloho
creator: Tri Bagus Prabowo
creator: Cahyo Pamungkas
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Rezya Agnesica Helena Sihaloho, Tri Bagus Prabowo, Cahyo Pamungkas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-06-30
publication date: 2024-06-30
starting page: 53
ending page: 70
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v7i1.1185

Transaction Cost Analysis of ASEAN Food Security Cooperation on Rice Commodity
type: item
description: Food Security Cooperation was implemented by ASEAN through the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), focusing on regional market integration. The food security index of its members has not been strengthened beyond the global index through this cooperation. "Special consideration," particularly concerning rice, has consistently hindered food security cooperation. Rice, being a major component of regional food cooperation and security, necessitates this explanative analysis using Transaction Cost Theory to examine the weaknesses of ASEAN Food Security Cooperation within the regional market context. Through the AEC, a nested pattern and cluster of food security issues were established by ASEAN as a key for market-based analysis. However, the failure to establish side-payments resulted in difficulties in reducing the transaction costs associated with sensitive commodities such as rice. A new perspective on sensitive commodities in the context of regional market food security cooperation is provided by this analysis. It is concluded that the weakness of food security cooperation within the regional rice market context is due to ASEAN’s inability to create side-payments and manage transaction costs that could support regional negotiations regarding rice.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: ASEAN
  topic: keywords
subject: Food Security
  topic: keywords
subject: Market
  topic: keywords
subject: Transaction Cost Theory
  topic: keywords
creator: Reni Erlita Pinasthika
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Reni Erlita Pinasthika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-12-16
publication date: 2024-12-16
starting page: 123
ending page: 143
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v7i2.1588

Identity Politics and Political Parties in India
type: item
description: India is the country with the largest Hindu majority in the world. Since the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) came to power, the leadership model in India has been directed at implementing the teachings of Hindu nationalism, which considers it essential to protect Indian Hindu culture from the attacks of Western liberal ideology. This research aims to provide an overview of how Hindu identity politics is implemented in India under the rule of the BJP and what kind of political strategies and policies have been created by the Indian government, influenced by the ideology of Hindu hypernationalism. This qualitative research uses literature review data analysis techniques. The data sources used are secondary data from journals, books, and websites related to the research theme. Source triangulation is used for data validity, namely by verifying different data sources to obtain valid results. This research found that the identity politics implemented by the BJP utilizes the belief system/ideology of Indian Hindus through Hindutva teachings. The political strategy is carried out by embracing as many radical Hindu groups as possible and creating various policies that discredit minority groups in India. Additionally, during campaigns, the BJP often uses Hindu symbols to gain political support.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Identity Politics
  topic: keywords
subject: BJP Party
  topic: keywords
subject: Hindutva Ideology
  topic: keywords
subject: the State of India
  topic: keywords
creator: IGAAG Dewi Sucitawathi Pinatih
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 IGAAG Dewi Sucitawathi Pinatih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-06-30
publication date: 2024-06-30
starting page: 71
ending page: 85
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v7i1.1587

The Shifting Attitudes of Acehnese towards Rohingya Refugees
type: item
description: Various rejections by local Acehnese, as well as netizens on social media, have emerged against the newly arrived Rohingya refugees on the beaches of Aceh. The rejection ranges from the locals' rejection of the boats to land to the forced removal of the refugees by students. This change in response from the local Acehnese community is surprising, as the local community's response to the refugees has been known to be positive since the first boat arrived. Through a qualitative analysis that connects the issue with the concept of autochthony, this research found that such concept is connected to the shifting response of the Acehnese towards the newly arrived Rohingya refugees, whereas the concept’s key points of (1) protection of ancestral heritage as well as (2) fear of being contaminated by foreign influences, are prevalent in the locals’ recent gestures and acts of refusals. If this attitude is maintained, it is not impossible that more discrimination towards the Rohingya refugees could take place in the near future.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Rohingya
  topic: keywords
subject: Refugees
  topic: keywords
subject: Aceh
  topic: keywords
subject: Autochthony
  topic: keywords
subject: Racism
  topic: keywords
creator: Naufal Rasendriya Apta Raharema
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Naufal Rasendriya Apta Raharema https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-06-24
publication date: 2024-06-24
starting page: 1
ending page: 13
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v7i1.1489

A Comparative Analysis of Western Nations’ Actions in Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Palestine Conflicts
type: item
description: This study explores and contrasts the responses of Western nations, specifically the United States (US), the United Kingdom (UK), and the European Union (EU), to two pivotal conflicts: the 2022 Russia-Ukraine conflict and the 2023 Israel-Palestine conflict. Adopting a multidisciplinary approach, the analysis delves into the political, historical, and humanitarian dimensions of these responses, aiming to unravel the intricate factors that shape Western foreign policy. Through a qualitative content analysis of diplomatic statements, and policy actions, the research discerns the motivations guiding the approaches of these key Western players to these conflicts. By using a comparative in foreign policy framework, a pivotal finding emerges, emphasizing that diverse in responses are primarily driven by interstate perspectives, thereby revealing nuanced positions influenced by varying regional alliances within the US, the UK, and the EU.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Comparative Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Western Alliances
  topic: keywords
subject: Foreign Policy
  topic: keywords
subject: Middle East
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Alfian Maulana
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Alfian Maulana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-06-24
publication date: 2024-06-24
starting page: 29
ending page: 52
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v7i1.1558

Regulating European Union’s Border in Africa
type: item
description: Ceuta and Melilla are two enclaves that belong to Spain in Morocco and have become the contact points of the irregular migrants coming from Africa that are attempting to reach the European continent. The enclaves have utilized innovative technology and barbed wire, but immigrant crises have occurred over the years. Despite the crises, the Spanish and Moroccan governments choose to perform a semi-permeable border. This article explains the semi-permeable border using the liberal institutional theory. This article argues that a semi-permeable border is chosen by the Spanish and Moroccan governments to fulfill their mutual self-interests. The Spanish government agrees to perform a semi-permeable border to retain the symbolic border of the region. The blurring overlap in the enclaves has put the Spanish government to use help from the European Union to conduct security measures in the region. The Moroccan government agrees to perform a semi-permeable border to retain its influence over the enclaves and uses the immigrant crises as a bargaining chip for the European Union. The European Union maximizes the performance of a semi-permeable border to pursue its interest, which is to conduct the Euro-Mediterranean Free Trade Agreement.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Border
  topic: keywords
subject: Immigrant Issue
  topic: keywords
subject: Liberal Institutionalism
  topic: keywords
subject: Morocco
  topic: keywords
subject: Spain
  topic: keywords
creator: Yanuar Rahmadan
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Yanuar Rahmadan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-06-24
publication date: 2024-06-24
starting page: 14
ending page: 28
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v7i1.1529

Water Diplomacy and Non-Traditional Security
type: item
description: The water scarcity crisis in Iraq has become a non-traditional security issue that threatens the country's social, political and economic stability. According to international data, water scarcity is predicted to worsen by 2030, affecting more than 700 million people worldwide. Iraq, which depends on the flow of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, is experiencing a decline in water quality and quantity that is worsening agricultural conditions, increasing social tensions and causing internal migration. This article analyzes the Iraqi government's efforts to address the water crisis through diplomacy by joining the Paris Agreement and the UN Water Convention, as well as organizing the Baghdad International Water Conference. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to explore the impact of water scarcity in Iraq and the diplomatic responses undertaken for mitigation. Although formal diplomacy has resulted in international aid and mitigation projects, climate change impacts and domestic governance issues, such as corruption, hamper the effectiveness of such efforts. This article also suggests the need for non-formal diplomacy involving non-state actors to improve the effectiveness of solving the water crisis in Iraq.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Water Crisis
  topic: keywords
subject: Iraq
  topic: keywords
subject: Diplomacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Water Diplomacy
  topic: keywords
creator: Krisman Heriamsal
creator: Rivelda Pricilia Heatubun
creator: Heyna Jekaisa
creator: Andi Ira Tenri Adikusuma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Krisman Heriamsal, Rivelda Pricilia Heatubun, Heyna Jekaisa, Andi Ira Tenri Adikusuma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-01-11
publication date: 2025-01-11
starting page: 162
ending page: 179
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v7i2.1387

Harmony in Leadership
type: item
description: In an era where globalization is reshaping every facet of our lives, international cooperation holds the key to progress. The Special Province of Yogyakarta seized the moment to forge a transformative partnership with Japan's Kyoto Prefecture, inaugurated on 16th July 1985. This study delves into the tapestry of this 'sister province' cooperation, tracing its historical trajectory and discerning the elements behind its enduring success. Employing qualitative research involving stakeholders’ interviews from both regions, this study unveils compelling insights. This cooperation emerges as successful model of 'sister province' initiatives in Indonesia, aligning seamlessly with the government's benchmarks—ranging from mutual benefits and sustainable initiatives to positive community impacts. It is also found that leadership factors influence the success of this sister province cooperation. Both leaders can manage and encourage collective action to support this cooperation. Moreover, both regions boast a vibrant cultural heritage, sharing numerous similarities that energize and deepen the ties between these sister provinces. Yet, even amidst its achievements, challenges like budgetary constraints and manpower shortages cast shadows. This research, therefore, not only unveils the success story of the Yogyakarta-Kyoto cooperation, but also enriches scholarly discussion on the broader contributions of 'sister province' initiatives in Indonesia international cooperation landscape.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Sister Province
  topic: keywords
subject: Yogyakarta
  topic: keywords
subject: Kyoto
  topic: keywords
subject: International Cooperation
  topic: keywords
creator: Tedi Gunawan
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tedi Gunawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-01-17
publication date: 2024-01-17
starting page: 158
ending page: 178
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v6i2.1277

Indonesia’s Role in the Rise of East Asia amid China's Ascendancy
type: item
description: China is leading East Asia as the epicentrum of growth in the third decade of 21st century, however, the role of Indonesia is eminent in this rise. Meanwhile, the struggle over influence in the region is acrimonious, as USA, China and Russia are vying for support from countries in this strategic region. Through the lens of neorealism, this study attempts at examining the role of Indonesia in rising East Asia. It argues that Indonesia plays major role especially in mediating and balancing both US – China rivalries through carefully crafted diplomatic strategies. Indonesia provides regional frameworks within which cooperations between opposing countries is possible, while at the same time safeguarding these cooperations through balancing act. Indonesia's strategic position enables it to serve as a global balancer by accepting agreements with China and maintaining close security ties with the United States. Through prudent policies, Indonesia upholds regional stability and plays an effective mediating role among major global powers.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: neorealism, balancing act, Indonesia – China, intermediary
  topic: keywords
creator: Sugiarto Pramono
creator: Wahyu Arif Raharjo
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Sugiarto Pramono, Wahyu Arif Raharjo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-01-15
publication date: 2024-01-15
starting page: 139
ending page: 157
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v6i2.1324

E-commerce Transformation in Indonesia
type: item
description: This study investigates the interplay between entrepreneurial dynamism, innovation, and technological advancement in Indonesia's burgeoning e-commerce sector. Framed through the lenses of Creative Destruction and Disruptive Innovation, the research delves into the transformative impact of digital globalization on traditional business models. By tracing the historical development of e-commerce and scrutinizing the closure of offline stores in 2017, this study highlights the potential of digital globalization to disrupt established market players, paving the way for MSMEs to explore unconstrained market segments. The study introduces the Model of Disruption-Destruction Cycle, elucidating how entrepreneurs' innovations lead to technological advancements and business model transformations. These dynamics enrich our understanding of Indonesia's evolving digital economy. The contribution lies in its comprehensive analysis of the transformative forces redefining the e-commerce landscape. While the study presents valuable insights, it also acknowledges limitations, including the need for further empirical validation. Finally, this paper offers a platform for empirically validating and exploring the ever-evolving landscape of entrepreneurship, innovation, and technological advancement in Indonesia's e-commerce realm.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Entrepreneurial Dynamism
  topic: keywords
subject: Innovation
  topic: keywords
subject: Technology
  topic: keywords
subject: E-commerce
  topic: keywords
subject: Creative Destruction
  topic: keywords
creator: Galuh Dian Prama Dewi
creator: Alvin Ernesto Lusikooy
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Galuh Dian Prama Dewi, Alvin Ernesto Lusikooy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-01-13
publication date: 2024-01-13
starting page: 117
ending page: 138
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v6i2.1304

Environmental Issue and Digital Diplomacy in the Contemporary International Relations
type: item
subject: Editor's Foreword
  topic: section
subject: Climate Change
  topic: keywords
subject: Migration
  topic: keywords
subject: Maritime
  topic: keywords
subject: Digitalization
  topic: keywords
subject: Diplomacy
  topic: keywords
creator: Rivelda Pricilia Heatubun
creator: Yoga Suharman
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Rivelda Pricilia Heatubun, Yoga Suharman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2023-06-30
publication date: 2023-06-30
starting page: i
ending page: ii

Soft Law and the Protection of Climate Migrants
type: item
description: The study seeks to explain the importance of the ‘soft law’ framework in protecting climate migrants and internally displaced persons in Bangladesh. We argue that the present protection gaps may be addressed without requiring new, enforceable regulations. This study employs qualitative research methodologies based on literature research. Additionally, we draw on secondary data from internet news and academic papers pertinent to the topics discussed in this work. From this research, we found that developing a soft law framework by the International non-governmental organizations (INGOs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play an important role to assist Bangladeshi climate migrants. Soft law procedures allow increased inclusivity in global regulation and governance.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: International Law
  topic: keywords
subject: Displaced Person
  topic: keywords
subject: Global Governance
  topic: keywords
subject: Climate Change
  topic: keywords
creator: Sitti Zarina Alimuddin
creator: Ali Muhammad
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Sitti Zarina Alimuddin, Ali Muhammad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2023-06-30
publication date: 2023-06-30
starting page: 18
ending page: 33
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v6i1.996

The Ineffectiveness of UNHCR in Handling the Myanmar Conflict
type: item
description: UNHCR has a history of success in managing humanitarian issues and ultimately contributing to the birth of a new consciousness to consciously end conflicts. However, in the context of the conflict in Myanmar, UNHCR, which has systematically conducted humanitarian interventions to build a new consciousness to end the conflict, has failed to manage the humanitarian interventions to build a new consciousness to end the conflict. This article will explain the factors of failure in ending the conflict in order to see how deep the value of peace consciousness of peace consciousness can influence decisions in the conflict. This article finds that the Myanmar government's lack of political awareness of a number of ratified humanitarian conventions has made UNHCR's humanitarian interventions hit and run, so that peace values do not grow into core values. UNHCR's failure to transform the Refugee Convention into a new value in the ASEAN normative structure has rendered double contingency ineffective.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Peace value
  topic: keywords
subject: Humanitarian
  topic: keywords
subject: Intervention
  topic: keywords
subject: Myanmar
  topic: keywords
subject: Coup d’état
  topic: keywords
creator: Akbar Averroes Sabil
creator: Surwandono Surwandono
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Akbar Averroes Sabil, Surwandono Surwandono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-01-17
publication date: 2024-01-17
starting page: 179
ending page: 188
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v6i2.1061

The Political Economy of Local Content Requirements Policy in Indonesia’s Telecommunication Manufacturing Industry 2015-2020
type: item
description: This article examines the factors shaping Indonesia’s Local Content Requirements (LCR) policy on the telecommunications manufacturing industry, specifically on the production of smartphones from 2015 to 2020. The LCR policy mandates both foreign and domestic corporations to utilize local content up to a specified minimum threshold. The Indonesia’s LCR policy on the telecommunications industry is set at a minimum of 30%. This local content could be derived from labor, raw materials for product manufacturing, or investment. Nevertheless, the implementation of the Indonesia’s LCR policy is considered contradictory to the previous government’s endeavors to augment the level of foreign direct investment. This is because the LCR policy is seen as a protectionist measure that may potentially hinder foreign companies, thereby inducing a decrease in investment. This study applies a political economy approach with library research data collection methods and subsequently analyzed using qualitative methods. The result of this research shows that the Indonesian government’s LCR policy is underpinned by two primary factors and interests. Firstly, it aims to support corporate interests, particularly the development of the local telecommunications industry. Secondly, the policy is motivated by a long-term ambition to increase the participation of Indonesian businesses in Global Value Chain (GVC) networks.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Local Content Requirements
  topic: keywords
subject: Global Value Chain
  topic: keywords
subject: Telecommunications
  topic: keywords
subject: Industry
  topic: keywords
subject: Foreign Direct Investment
  topic: keywords
creator: Faris Al-Fadhat
creator: Praba Satya Handana
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Faris Al-Fadhat, Praba Satya Handana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2023-12-01
publication date: 2023-12-01
starting page: 79
ending page: 95
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v6i2.1102

Indonesia's Climate Diplomacy under Joko Widodo
type: item
description: Climate change is a significant global concern due to its potential for long-term detrimental impacts on multiple facets of life. However, prevailing viewpoints on climate change often exhibit a bias towards the interests of the global north, disregarding the needs and vulnerabilities of the Global south. This research utilizes qualitative descriptive methods, integrating theories of international relations, climate diplomacy, and Indonesian foreign policy to offer a comprehensive explanation. Indonesia, being highly susceptible to climate change impacts, plays a pivotal role in addressing this disparity. However, previous studies have overlooked the examination of how Indonesia can optimize its climate diplomacy efforts under President Joko Widodo's leadership. Analyzing Indonesia's climate diplomacy endeavors yields valuable insights for the country's contributions to global climate change solutions and addressing its vulnerabilities. This shapes Indonesia's future perspective on international relations, balancing its interests with the imperative for global cooperation. Indonesia's involvement under the leadership of President Joko Widodo in global climate change efforts is pivotal for fostering an equitable and sustainable future.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Environmental
  topic: keywords
subject: Climate Change
  topic: keywords
subject: Indonesia
  topic: keywords
subject: Environmental, Climate Change, Indonesia, Leadership.
  topic: keywords
creator: Putra Ansa Gaora
creator: Rodon Pedrason
creator: Erry Herman
creator: Irene Irene
creator: Sylvia Sylvia
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Putra Ansa Gaora, Rodon Pedrason, Erry Herman, Irene, Sylvia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2023-06-30
publication date: 2023-06-30
starting page: 34
ending page: 48
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v6i1.1026

Foreign Policy, Public Diplomacy, and Social Media
type: item
description: This paper observes the practice of Indonesian Missions abroad in conducting public diplomacy via social media. The research question is how do the Indonesian Missions abroad utilize social media to connect with the public and to support Indonesia’s foreign policies? This paper uses a descriptive qualitative method with primary and secondary data. Primary data are gathered by observing @indonesiainjeddah and @desrapercaya on Instagram. Secondary data are compiled by using literature studies of articles from reputable journals. There are three main findings of this paper. Firstly, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Indonesia emphasizes the importance of digital technology for diplomacy, proven by the Social Media Awards to appreciate the efforts in disseminating Indonesia’s foreign policy overseas. Secondly, the Indonesian Consulate in Jeddah, @indonesiainjeddah, has utilized social media account to disseminate Indonesia’s foreign policy, covering economic and health diplomacy, diplomacy for citizens’ protection, and Indonesia’s G20 Presidency. Thirdly, Ambassador Desra Percaya, @desrapercaya, has contributed to disseminating the foreign policy of Indonesia in the context of economic diplomacy, sports diplomacy, and the regional issue of ASEAN, with the additional element of cultural diplomacy. These findings confirm that Indonesia’s public diplomacy can be conducted using social media, to further promote Indonesia’s foreign policy.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Foreign Policy
  topic: keywords
subject: Indonesia
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Diplomacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Media
  topic: keywords
creator: Anak Agung Mia Intentilia
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Anak Agung Mia Intentilia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2023-06-30
publication date: 2023-06-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 17
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v6i1.1062

Indonesian Maritime Diplomacy
type: item
description: This article discusses why the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) is significant for Indonesia and how Indonesia plays a strategic role in IORA to realize national interests and advance its vision as the World Maritime Axis? In answering these questions, we build arguments based on Christian Le Miere's theory of maritime diplomacy and Helen Milner's theory of international cooperation. The argument in this article consists of two things. First, IORA is very significant for Indonesia because the organization has a common vision with Indonesia's national interest. Second, in order to achieve this goal, the Indonesian government utilizes cooperative and persuasive maritime diplomacy as a means of enhancing international cooperation. This is demonstrated by Indonesia's involvement in encouraging negotiations and facilitating cooperation in the IORA forum. This is also reinforced by Indonesia's election as chair of IORA for the period 2015 to 2017 as a manifestation of Indonesia's existence as a maritime country in the international arena.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Diplomacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Maritime
  topic: keywords
subject: Indonesia
  topic: keywords
subject: Leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: Cooperation
  topic: keywords
creator: Ulil Amri
creator: M Syaprin Zahidi
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Ulil Amri, M Syaprin Zahidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2023-06-30
publication date: 2023-06-30
starting page: 71
ending page: 78
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v6i1.949

The Interplay of Interest between Indonesia and Sweden in Blue Economy Cooperation
type: item
description: In the beginning of 1950’s, Indonesia and Sweden have maintained diplomatic relations for the past 72 years. Multiple areas of collaboration have been implemented by both parties. Collaboration based on a blue economy is one of the initiatives implemented to foster economic progress. This study seeks to assess how Indonesia's national interests align with those of Sweden in the blue economy. To solve this research question, the research used the Neoliberalism of international cooperation and national interests. The blue economy cooperation agreement between Indonesia and Sweden is listed in the Sweden-Indonesia Sustainability Partnership (SISP). Indonesia should collaborate with Sweden on the blue economy due to the country's competitive advantages in the maritime technology sector. The pursuit of each country's respective goals is the driving force behind the partnership that exists between Indonesia and Sweden. The improvement of the standard of living of the local population as well as the preservation of the marine ecosystem are two of the primary reasons why Indonesia and Sweden should work together to advance the blue economy.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: National Interest
  topic: keywords
subject: Partnership
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: Marine Sector
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Transformation
  topic: keywords
creator: Jusmalia Oktaviani
creator: Firdaus Muhamad Iqbal
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Jusmalia Oktaviani, Firdaus Muhamad Iqbal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2023-06-30
publication date: 2023-06-30
starting page: 49
ending page: 70
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v6i1.1060

India’s Relations with Muslim Countries during the Implementation of CAA/NRC
type: item
description: In 2005, Imtiaz Ahmad wrote an article on the relations between India and the Muslim World. Ahmad argued that the ties between India and the Muslim World would be determined mainly by two factors: (1) the diverse and multiple identities of Indian Muslims and (2) the “relative moderation” driven by the Indian model of secularism. In the wake of the current Indian government led by the Hindu nationalist BJP, it is essential to review Ahmad’s argument. Although BJP is known as a party that strives to strengthen the Hindu nationalists’ agenda in Indian polity, it is vital to note that BJP maintains good relations with most Muslim countries. As BJP furthers its plan to scrap the special status of Kashmir and amend the Citizenship Act, there are worries that India’s stature in the Muslim World will worsen. This article would like to investigate whether the Hindu nationalist outlook in contemporary Indian politics and the standing of the current government towards Indian Muslims will eventually affect India’s relations with the Muslim World, especially in the case of India-Indonesia and India-Malaysia Relations.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: CAA/NRC
  topic: keywords
subject: India
  topic: keywords
subject: Nationalism
  topic: keywords
subject: Muslim World
  topic: keywords
creator: Hadza Min Fadhli Robby
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Hadza Min Fadhli Robby https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-12-31
publication date: 2022-12-31
starting page: 156
ending page: 177
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v5i2.879

Nationalism Narrative and The State Policy on Hizbut-Tahrir in Indonesia
type: item
description: After enjoying free and open political conditions for a long time, Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia, a transnational political Islamist movement, had to face the government's coercive response in 2017 when the government decided to disband this movement in consideration of violations of state principles and threatening the Republic of Indonesia. This paper tried to elaborate on the country's stigmatization efforts against HTI to create a negative picture of this group. The concept used is a stigmatization approach in the study of social movements as one of the state's strategies in repressing a movement that is considered threatening. The method used is qualitative, with data taken from books, journals, and online media sources. This article concludes that the Indonesian government has successfully used the stigmatization method to inhibit the influence of HTI in Indonesia. Stigmatization is carried out through various narratives against this movement, especially related to threats to ideology and political traditions in Indonesia.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Hizbut Tahrir
  topic: keywords
subject: Indonesia
  topic: keywords
subject: Stigmatization
  topic: keywords
subject: Transnational
  topic: keywords
subject: Movement
  topic: keywords
subject: Nationalism
  topic: keywords
creator: Hasbi Aswar
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Hasbi Aswar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-12-31
publication date: 2022-12-31
starting page: 107
ending page: 118
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v5i2.836

Halal Certification of Indonesian Cosmetics Products
type: item
description: This article aims to explore the impact of halal certification of Indonesian products and the interplay between halal certification, Indonesia’s economic interest and International Trade Regime. This research uses qualitative approach taking Indonesia case study by collecting secondary data from varied sources. The findings indicate that the massive awareness of halal products especially cosmetic is not solely motivated by religious motive. The halal product is not substantially driven by religiosity. In fact, to understand the meaning of halal, this paper argues that companies that trade halal product do not follow Islamic values. Further, this paper suggests that Islam does not support economic system that prioritizes a few parties, put women as an object, not environmentally friendly, or wasteful. On the contrary, it promotes an order that is not fair for all. However, this paper further argues that halal trend in Indonesia trade system is more about the rise of Islamic populism. WTO therefore, has to be cautious on accommodating halal labelling in international trade. It must be opened to the needs of Islamic countries yet it has to be aware that it may become new form of protectionism which is unfair for global trade standards.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Halal Certification
  topic: keywords
subject: Cosmetic
  topic: keywords
subject: WTO
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Populism
  topic: keywords
subject: New Protectionism
  topic: keywords
creator: Farahdiba Rahma Bachtiar
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Farahdiba Rahma Bachtiar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-12-31
publication date: 2022-12-31
starting page: 119
ending page: 139
doi: 10.24076/nsjis.v5i2.828